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Possibilities of waste glycerol reprocessing
Hýža, Bohumil ; Friedl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kizlink, Juraj (advisor)
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to describe the possibilities of waste glycerol reprocessing. The thesis is purely theoretical and the information were obtained from various literary sources. Introduction of the study deals with the technological aspects of production of biodiesel by esterification of vegetable oils with methanol. Futhermore, there is described the amount of biodiesel produced in various countries around the world. In the theoretical part of the study are mentioned physical and chemical properties of glycerol and its traditional uses include the manufacture of nitroglycerin, the pharmaceutical use, etc. There are presented different technological methods for processing large quantities of glycerol too, such as steam reforming, which generates syngas which can be used for production of liquid fuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. There is also desribed reduction of glycerol to propylene glycol with hydrogen. Other methods are dehydroxylation of glycerol to 1,3 - propanediol, halogenation of glycerol to produce epichlorohydrin, the catalytic dehydration of glycerol to acrolein and 3-hydroxy-propionic aldehyde, oxydehydration to polyacrylic acid, glycerol butylation over the Amberlyst catalyst and the formation of glycerol-tert-butyl ethers used as additives for fuels , polymerization of glycerol to polyglycerols, glycerol hydrothermal conversion to lactic acid catalyzed by alkali, esterification of carboxylic acids and glycerol to form glycerol esters, selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid, tartronic acid and dihydroxyacetone, and glycerol as an additive for cement.
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Hydrogen fuel cells
Kejval, Dan ; Kučera, Pavel (referee) ; Píštěk, Václav (advisor)
The replacement of the current fuels and engines presents one of the most important tasks not only for vehicle manufacturers but also in the energy industry. Whole world is trying to limit the production of greenhouse gasses which pollute the environment and switch to sources that will not produce any harmful emissions as fast as possible. One of these are hydrogen fuel cells, which are the focus of the thesis and explains how hydrogen is produced and stored. It shows the principle on which they work, what designs currently exist and also evaluates their efficiency. According to temperature and material of the electrolyte they can be divided into various types which offer a wide range of performances and their use. Thanks to that, this device began to spread both in the Czech Republic, where the effort is to firstly expand public transportation to include busses using the hydrogen fuel cells and at foreign vehicle manufacturers where carmakers such Toyota and Hyundai already mass-produce passenger cars, trucks or buses with this source of electricity.
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Hydrogen fuel cells
Kejval, Dan ; Kučera, Pavel (referee) ; Píštěk, Václav (advisor)
The replacement of the current fuels and engines presents one of the most important tasks not only for vehicle manufacturers but also in the energy industry. Whole world is trying to limit the production of greenhouse gasses which pollute the environment and switch to sources that will not produce any harmful emissions as fast as possible. One of these are hydrogen fuel cells, which are the focus of the thesis and explains how hydrogen is produced and stored. It shows the principle on which they work, what designs currently exist and also evaluates their efficiency. According to temperature and material of the electrolyte they can be divided into various types which offer a wide range of performances and their use. Thanks to that, this device began to spread both in the Czech Republic, where the effort is to firstly expand public transportation to include busses using the hydrogen fuel cells and at foreign vehicle manufacturers where carmakers such Toyota and Hyundai already mass-produce passenger cars, trucks or buses with this source of electricity.
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The protestants in the region of Jindřichův Hradec from the time of the Toleration patent to the beginning of the ČCE
Peltanová, Anna ; Halama, Ota (advisor) ; Macek, Ondřej (referee)
My thesis deals with the history of the Evangelicals in Jindřichův Hradec from the time of the issue of the Patent of Toleration to the establishment of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren. The first chapter deals with the situation in Jindřichův Hradec just after the issue of the Patent of Toleration. The following chapters survey the origination and development of individual congregations and preaching stations. The aim of this thesis is to acquaint the reader with the development of evangelical religiosity in Jindřichův Hradec between 1781-1918. Keywords: Patent of Toleration Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren Lutherans Reformed Horní Dubenky Zahrádky Strmilov Jindřichův Hradec
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The protestants in the region of Jindřichův Hradec from the time of the Toleration patent to the beginning of the ČCE
Peltanová, Anna ; Halama, Ota (advisor) ; Macek, Ondřej (referee)
My thesis deals with the history of the Evangelicals in Jindřichův Hradec from the time of the issue of the Patent of Toleration to the establishment of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren. The first chapter deals with the situation in Jindřichův Hradec just after the issue of the Patent of Toleration. The following chapters survey the origination and development of individual congregations and preaching stations. The aim of this thesis is to acquaint the reader with the development of evangelical religiosity in Jindřichův Hradec between 1781-1918. Keywords: Patent of Toleration Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren Lutherans Reformed Horní Dubenky Zahrádky Strmilov Jindřichův Hradec
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Possibilities of waste glycerol reprocessing
Hýža, Bohumil ; Friedl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kizlink, Juraj (advisor)
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to describe the possibilities of waste glycerol reprocessing. The thesis is purely theoretical and the information were obtained from various literary sources. Introduction of the study deals with the technological aspects of production of biodiesel by esterification of vegetable oils with methanol. Futhermore, there is described the amount of biodiesel produced in various countries around the world. In the theoretical part of the study are mentioned physical and chemical properties of glycerol and its traditional uses include the manufacture of nitroglycerin, the pharmaceutical use, etc. There are presented different technological methods for processing large quantities of glycerol too, such as steam reforming, which generates syngas which can be used for production of liquid fuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. There is also desribed reduction of glycerol to propylene glycol with hydrogen. Other methods are dehydroxylation of glycerol to 1,3 - propanediol, halogenation of glycerol to produce epichlorohydrin, the catalytic dehydration of glycerol to acrolein and 3-hydroxy-propionic aldehyde, oxydehydration to polyacrylic acid, glycerol butylation over the Amberlyst catalyst and the formation of glycerol-tert-butyl ethers used as additives for fuels , polymerization of glycerol to polyglycerols, glycerol hydrothermal conversion to lactic acid catalyzed by alkali, esterification of carboxylic acids and glycerol to form glycerol esters, selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid, tartronic acid and dihydroxyacetone, and glycerol as an additive for cement.
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